2016年10月高等教育自学考试《英语翻译》试题

I.  Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each)
A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
      1. dockland               2. armed conflict
      3. jet plane               4. nuclear proliferation
      5. mainframe computer     6. digital revolution
      7. quiz show             8. exotic organism
      9. facial expression       10. banner headline
B.  Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
11．时区          12．民歌
    13．低空大气层    14．独立法人
    15．国务院        16．消费市场
    17．混合双打      18．十三五规划
    19．感恩节        20．自主创新能力
II. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points each)
A.  Correct or improve the translation of the following English sentences.
    Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.
    Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
  改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
21. 原文：I am not for criticizing the spelling mistakes in your essay.
译文：我不是为了挑剔你文章中的拼写错误。
改译：
22．原文：Most national news has an important financial aspect to it.
    译文：大多数国内新闻都有重要的金融方面。
    改译：
23．原文：Harnessing that energy for peaceful purposes has been a lot more difficult though there are good reasons to keep trying.
    译文：为和平目的而控制这种能量向来就困难得多，虽然有很好的理由继续尝试。
改译：
24．原文：I accept the finality of this outcome which will be ratified (确认) next Monday in the Electoral College (总统选举团).
    译文：我接受了下星期一会在总统选举团会议上得到确认的这个不可改变的结果。
    改译：
25．原文：We are now discovering that regional and national differences in Europe are not dissolving and that their people think and act very differently from one another.
    译文：我们现在正在发现，欧洲各国、各地区之间的差异并没有正在溶解，欧洲人的观念和做法更是千差万别。
    改译：
B.  Correct or improve the translation of the following Chinese sentences.
    Write your revised versions on the Answer Sheet.
Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays.
26．原文：无论各企业完成该任务的情况是好是坏，它们所付出的努力都应得到政府的认可。
译文：No matter the enterprises perform this task well or badly, their efforts deserve the government's recognition.
改译：
27．原文：最令人怵目惊心的一件事，是看着钟表上的秒针一下一下的移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。
译文：It is most startling to see a watch or clock clicking away the seconds, each click indicating the shortening of one's life by a little bit.
改译：
28．原文：有许多宝贵的品质是无法通过考试来评判的，这一点却常常被人所忽视。
译文：What is often neglected is that there are many valuable qualities cannot be evaluated by examinations.
改译：
29．原文：专家提醒说，雾对人体健康的危害有很大的隐蔽性。
译文：Experts caution that fog has great concealment of harmful effect on our health.
改译：
30．原文：中国是个农耕古国，其生产周期与大自然四季一轮的周期同步。
译文：China has been an old agricultural country, its production cycle keeps in step with the cycle of the four seasons.
改译：
III. Sentence Translation (20 points, 2 points each)
A.  Translate the following underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
31. Poetry is a kind of "saying." It is, however, a kind that many people, until they become well acquainted with it, feel rather peculiar and even useless. They feel this way for two reasons: the "way of the saying" and the "nature of the said."
32. In 1863 the Football Association was established in England, and the rules of the game have remained essentially the same ever since. Their relative simplicity, and need for little equipment ensured that it became very_ popular. The power of the British Empire meant that it became played in every comer of the world.
33. The international monetary system needs fundamental reform. It is not the cause of the recent imbalances and current instability in the global economy, but it certainly has been ineffective in addressing them. So a broad set of reforms is required, beginning with an immediate expansion of the current system.
34. In the early years of schooling, children are constantly encouraged to produce images, and to illustrate their written work. Teachers comment on these illustrations as much as they do on the written part of the text, though perhaps not quite in the same vein.
35. Conflict is not inherent in a nation's rise. The United States in the 20th century is an example of a state achieving eminence without conflict with the then-dominant countries. Nor was the often-cited German-British conflict inevitable. Thoughtless and provocative policies played a role in transforming European diplomacy into a zero-sum game.
B.  Translate the following underlined sentences into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
36．我们应该把注意力集中在自己所能控制的，而不是无能为力的事情上面。要培养信念，而不要助长恐惧。
37．类似上海纽约大学等中外合作高校，将成为对广大考生和家长颇具吸引力的新选择。俞立中介绍说：“我们招生的定位是优秀生源，会结合国内的高考和美国纽约大学的人才考核评价模式选拔式选拔学生。”
38．诺亚方舟(Noah’sArk)确实可以说是一件旷古绝今的工程杰作。实在是具有现代人值得学习的成分。现代的科学和工艺虽然发达，有可能还造不出来跟诺亚时代一样的方舟来。
39．对于大多数城镇家庭来说，住房、子女教育、医疗目前已成为家庭负担中的最主要部分，占据了他们收入的大部分。
40．其实，人体就是一个活生生的例子。通常大家都认为细菌是有害的，孰不知人体如果没有了细菌，人是无法存活的。
IV. Passage Translation (40 points, 20 points each)
A.  Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
41.
Losing your temper is not just a social hazard. It's also a health risk, with new research showing that the chance of a heart attack is 8.5 times higher in the two hours after a burst of intense anger.
In the first Australian study to investigate the link between acute emotional triggers and high risk of severe cardiac episodes, researchers found that "episodes of intense anger can act as a trigger for a heart attack", says lead author Dr. Thomas Buckley from the University of Sydney Nursing School who is also a researcher at Royal North Shore Hospital.
"The data shows that the higher risk of a heart attack isn't necessarily just while you're angry  it lasts for two hours after the outburst," Dr. Buckley says. "The triggers for these bursts of intense anger were associated with: arguments with family members (29 per cent); arguments with others (42 per cent); work anger (14 per cent); and driving anger (14 per cent)."
B.  Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
42．
房子租期将满的那天，我去看房子，收回钥匙。我在检查房内的设施时，突然发现卫生间里的马桶(commode)竟然换了新的。男人看着我一脸惊讶，笑着说：“花几十块钱，是小事，换了，水就不会白白流掉了。”他告诉我，他家乡长年缺水，人们把水看得比油还珍贵，如果谁要浪费一点水，就是天大的罪过。所以，当他和妻子发现卫生间里的长流水，就觉得很不自在。最后，他们决定自己出钱，买一个新马桶装上。